Control Structures

Control structures allow your code to make decisions based on conditions.

Conditionals

if / else if / else

It’s the most common way to branch the flow of the program.

let age = 18;

if (age >= 18) {
    console.log("You can enter");
} else if (age >= 16) {
    console.log("You can enter with a guardian");
} else {
    console.log("You cannot enter");
}

Ternary Operator

A short way to write a simple if/else. condition ? value_if_true : value_if_false

const message = age >= 18 ? "Adult" : "Minor";

switch

Ideal for comparing a variable against multiple fixed values.

let day = 1;
switch(day) {
    case 1: console.log("Monday"); break;
    case 2: console.log("Tuesday"); break;
    default: console.log("Another day");
}

When to use each one?

• if: When you have complex conditions (a > 10 && b < 5) or ranges.
• switch: When comparing a single value against many specific options (e.g.: days of the week, user types).